Patterns of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Associated Factors at Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, North Shoa, Amhara Region.

BACKGROUND Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP) represent the most common medical complication in pregnancy associated with significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Identification of common maternal and perinatal morbidities associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy is important for policy makers to plan to alleviate the problem. OBJECTIVE To assess the patterns of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and associated factors in Debre Berhan Referral Hospital. METHOD Institution-based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted by reviewing logbooks and patients charts. RESULT Among 8626 women who got services in the hospital 340 (3.9%)had hypertensive disorders. The proportion of HDP shows an increasing trend from 1.8% in 2011 to 5.7% in 2014. Preeclampsia accounts for 67.4% of all case followed by eclampsia which account for 27.8%. In this study, HDP was associated with 35.4% preterm delivery, 30.8% fetal death, 39.4% low birth weight, 38.4% low APGAR score and 8.5% IUGR. About 15.8% of newborns born from mothers with HDP mothers needed resuscitation and 40.1% ICU admission. Maternal death occurs in 2.5% mothers who had HDP with the case fatality rate for eclampsia being 6.67%. HDP contributed for 35% of all maternal deaths. Of all mothers with HDP, 58% were primi-gravida ladies. CONCLUSION The prevalence of HDP shows an increasing pattern over the last years. Preeclampsia and eclampsia together take the lion-share of HDP. Primi-gravida women are affected more frequently than multi-gravida women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. HDP was associated with major adverse perinatal and maternal outcome.